化学专业拔尖学生培养体系的探索与实践 ——以山东大学为例

介绍了山东大学化学专业拔尖学生培养体系的建设,从学生选拔、培养模式及教学保障等方面对近十年来化学专业拔尖学生培养及实施成效进行了全面总结,以探索化学专业拔尖创新人才培养规律和机制。     

基于LS-DYNA的车辆碰撞数值分析

本文基于中国新车评估规程，对高速车辆正面相撞和高速测试车辆与静态车辆侧面相撞这两种工况进行了碰撞数值模拟，采用HYPERMESH进行建模和LS-DYNA进行仿真分析计算．分析结果表明，在正面碰撞中，前保险杠与阻挡壁接触发生弯曲和变形，随着碰撞时间的持续，发动机的副车架弯曲，导致乘客舱的侵入量明显增加．侧面碰撞中，B柱和测试车辆的蜂窝结构发生严重变形，发动机舱结构的褶皱吸收大量的冲击能量．通过改进车辆结构，A柱的侵入量从80 mm减小到40 mm，脚部空间的侵入量从210 mm减少到150 mm．侧面碰撞时B柱的窗口边缘处的侵入量与下部的侵入量也均满足安全要求．     

On the stability of general convex programs under slater’s condition and primal solution boundedness

This paper was motivated by an article by Best and Chakravarti, who presented some stability results for convex quadratic programs under linear perturbation of the data. We show that the regularity conditions assumed are much too restrictive and demonstrate that stronger stability results follow under weaker assumptions (primal solution boundedness and the Slater condition) and from known results, not only for convex quadratic problems but for general convex programs with general perturbations. In so doing, we give a simple and reasonably complete characterization of the stability of an important class of well-behaved convex programs, collecting results that heretofore have apparently not been presented in a unified manner. The results, virtually all from Hogan and Robinson, involve mainly stability of the feasible region and solution existence under small perturbations, and continuity and differentiability of the optimal value function. We note that Auslender and Coutat have recently provided similar extensions for saddle points of generalized linear-quadratic programs introduced by Rockafellar and Wets, utilizing the same assumptions that we use in this paper     

原子吸收光谱法测定冬凌草中的矿物元素

用原子吸收光谱法测定冬凌草中影响人体健康的8种矿物元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg、Se和Pb的含量。样品经硝酸-高氯酸消解后,采用偏振塞曼效应扣除背景吸收,用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测积分吸收测定冬凌草中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca和Mg的含量,用石墨炉程序升温原子吸收光谱法检测峰值吸收测定Se和Pb含量。测定结果显示:该方法的精密度RSD为1.22%—5.64%;加标回收率为95.0%—110.5%;8种矿物元素的检出限(P=95%,α=0.5)分别为Cu0.034、Zn0.0028、Fe0.031、Mn0.110、Ca0.367、Mg0.132mg·mL-1,Pb1.40μg.L-1和Se1.86μg.L-1。该方法简便快速、灵敏、准确,适用于中药冬凌草中矿物元素含量的测定。     

On the Dirichlet Problem for a Class of Singular Complex Monge–Ampère Equations

We study the Dirichlet problem of the n-dimensional complex Monge–Ampère equation det(uij) = F/|z|~(2α), where 0 α n. This equation comes from La Nave–Tian's continuity approach to the Analytic Minimal Model Program.     

一类整数规划的最优解与有向循环图的围长

我们在本文给出一人简单方法，求解一类整数线性规划问题，这类整数规划的极小费用对应于一类２度有向循环图的围长。     

Are random walks random?

Random walks have been created using the pseudo-random generators in different computer language compilers (BASIC, PASCAL, FORTRAN, C++) using a Pentium processor. All the obtained paths have apparently a random behavior for short walks (2¹⁴ steps). From long random walks (2³³ steps) different periods have been found, the shortest being 2¹⁸ for PASCAL and the longest 2³¹ for FORTRAN and C++, while BASIC had a 2²⁴ steps period. The BASIC, PASCAL and FORTRAN long walks had even (2 or 4) symmetries. The C++ walk systematically roams away from the origin. Using deviations from the mean-distance rule for random walks, d² ∝ N, a more severe criterion is found, e.g. random walks generated by a PASCAL compiler fulfills this criterion to N < 10 000.     

A data-oriented CI program system

A program system has been developed for calculation of molecular electronic structure using the configuration interaction (CI) method. Emphasis is placed on the inherent genealogical data structure of the files which a program system produces. Based on this genealogy, a language is provided for users which allows easy and consistent manipulation of files in the new system. Users need only specify a file which contains the desired data, using this file manipulation language. If the desired file does not exist, the new system creates it automatically by calling appropriate modules. The new system may be regarded as a data base equipped with computational ability.     

Light monotone Dialectica methods for proof mining

In view of an enhancement of our implementation on the computer, we explore the possibility of an algorithmic optimization of the various proof‐theoretic techniques employed by Kohlenbach for the synthesis of new (and better) effective uniform bounds out of established qualitative proofs in Numerical Functional Analysis. Concretely, we prove that the method (developed by the author in his thesis, as an adaptation to Dialectica interpretations of Berger's original technique for modified realizability and A‐translation) of “colouring” some of the quantifiers as “non‐computational” extends well to ε‐arithmetization, elimination‐of‐extensionality and model‐interpretation (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

海绵中提取的异臭椿萜类化合物作用靶标的识别

采取了包括化学结构相似性学习、靶标聚类分析以及反向对接筛选等多种方法在内的综合性策略, 尝试对中国南海海绵中提取得到的异臭椿萜类化合物进行生物学活性和作用靶标的预测. 结果表明: 这类化合物具有治疗心肌缺血和抗肿瘤的潜在生物学活性; 表皮细胞生长因子受体(EGFR), 焦点(局部)粘着斑激酶(FAK), 胰岛素样生长因子1受体 (IGF1-R), c-Src激酶以及血管表皮生长因子受体2 (VEGF-R2)是这类化合物可能的作用靶标. IC₅₀值从0.41 g·m^-3 (0.41 μg·mL^-1)到9.8 g·m^-3 (9.8 μg·mL^-1)不等. 活性数据显示这些海绵提取的海洋天然产物可作为先导化合物, 通过进一步的优化获得新的药物. 同时还讨论了化合物与预测靶标的结合模式, 结果显示四个化合物都与相应的受体有较好的结合.